The evil white lumps causing your bad breath are tonsilloliths, or as they are more commonly know, tonsil stones. They aren't dangerous, but they are definitely foul and are more than capable of making their presence known.
You also asked about chronic cattarah. It's highly likely that the proteins in the mucous buildup in the back of your throat are contributing to the formation of your tonsil stones. You'll understand this better after you visit some of the links on the following page: